15 listopada 1907 w Jettingen w Bawarii, zm. [11] It was around this time that the three brothers were introduced by Albrecht von Blumenthal to the poet Stefan George's influential circle, Georgekreis, from which many notable members of the German resistance later emerged. Was Baltic/Austrian from his mother's side and Swabian from his father's side. The overwhelming support, toleration, or silent acquiescence" from the people of his country for Hitler, which was also being heavily censored and constantly fed propaganda,[57][58] meant any action must be swift and successful. Stauffenberg was motivated by the impulsive passions of the disillusioned military man whose eyes had been opened by the defeat of German arms (p. 510). He also worked as a military interpreter for English once. Graduated from school one year before he ordinarily would have. Joachim Fest; Hitler – Eine Biographie; Propyläen, Berlin; 2. [49], Another central figure in the plot was Stauffenberg's eldest brother, Berthold Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg. This requirement greatly reduced the chance of a successful coup. Reduced to a formula, he wanted the nation to remain soldierly and become socialistic (p. 503). [19][20], Following the outbreak of war in 1939, Stauffenberg and his regiment took part in the attack on Poland. He was born one of a set of twins (his other twin, Konrad Maria, only lived for one day after birth). Unfortunately, the bomb--placed in a briefcase--was accidentally moved behind a strong wooden support of the table it was beneath, which was between it and its intended target, Hitler. Stauffenberg lived with his family in Berlin-Wannsee. "[50] On 10 August 1944, Berthold was tried before Judge-President Roland Freisler in the special "People's Court" (Volksgerichtshof). They also included civilians, even social democrats like Julius Leber, in their scenarios for an administration after Hitler. Konstanze von Schulthess was born in prison, as her mother was arrested after the assassination attempt. 30 stycznia 1933 roku świętujący to wydarzenie mieszkańcy Bambergu zorganizowali marsz z pochodniami. "),[46][47] or, possibly, "Es lebe das geheime Deutschland!" 3 Sqn veteran Tom Russell states that: "operational records and pilot diaries" for the other Desert Air Force Kittyhawk squadrons "shows them operating away from Mezzouna..." at the time. Claus Philipp Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg commonly referred to as Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (November 15 th, 1907 – July 21 st, 1944), was a German army officer and aristocrat who was one of the leading members of the failed 20 July plot of 1944 to assassinate Adolf Hitler and remove the Nazi Party from power. A charismatic German resistance member and would-be assassin of Adolf Hitler, Claus Phillip Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg was born 15 November 1907, 1:00 a.m. CET, in the family's castle in the small Bavarian town of Jettingen (today known as Jettingen-Scheppach). ... Stauffenberg must have been informed of Gisevius's background and it cannot have inspired his confidence. [7][8][9][10], Like his brothers, he was carefully educated and inclined toward literature, but eventually took up a military career. Stauffenberg spent three months in a hospital in Munich, where he was treated by Ferdinand Sauerbruch. Had a twin brother, Konrad Maria, who died when he was just one day old. Stauffenberg, his aide 1st Lieutenant Werner von Haeften, General Friedrich Olbricht, and Colonel Albrecht Mertz von Quirnheim were executed before 1:00 in the morning (21 July 1944) by a makeshift firing squad in the courtyard of the Bendlerblock, which was lit by the headlights of a truck. This was a difficult task for him as he had lost his right hand and had only three fingers on his left hand. In view of Gisevius's own record as a transmitter of historical information for which he had displayed strong personal feelings, and in light of what is known about both Gisevius's alleged sources and Stauffenberg himself, Gisevius's account is at best questionable hearsay. It is believed that this actually happened because of disciplinary reasons. Grof Claus von Stauffenberg, puniim imenom Claus Phillip Maria Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg (15. novembar 1907 - 21. juli 1944) je bio njemački aristokrat i oficir Wehrmachta za vrijeme Drugog Svjetskog rata. He supported the occupation of Poland and its handling by the Nazi regime and the use of Poles as slave workers to achieve German prosperity[14] as well as German colonization and exploitation of Poland. Unlike his fellow trainees, however, Claus was interested neither in philandering nor carousing--he preferred to study Russian parallel to his training. Birthplace: Jettingen, Württemberg, Germany Location of death: Berlin, Germany Caus. Tried to kill Hitler in 1944. He left the second bomb with his aide-de-camp, Werner von Haeften, and returned to the briefing room, where he placed the briefcase under the conference table, as close as he could to Hitler. Stauffenberg's full name was Claus Philipp Maria Justinian, followed by the noble title of "Count of Stauffenberg". Although some of his fellow conspirators preferred just to arrest Hitler and take over the government, von Stauffenberg was adamant that the entire Nazi system had to be destroyed, including Hitler, which is why he volunteered to carry out the assassination personally, a task made easier by his recent appointment as Chief of Staff. The Stauffenberg family is one of the oldest and most distinguished aristocratic Catholic families of southern Germany. Quotes [from trailer] Col. Claus von Stauffenberg : If I fail, they'll come for you. [44], Stauffenberg and Haeften quickly left and drove to the nearby airfield. |  Stauffenberg had been transferred to the organizational department of OKH during the idle months of the so-called Phoney War (1939–1940, before the Battle of France). Podziel się Udostęnij Wykop Skomentuj 19 Udostępnij Dziś prezentujemy ciekawą polemikę między wicemarszałkiem Sejmu Stefafem Niesiołowskim a zastępcą redaktora naczelnego „Faktu” Piotrem Bugajskim na temat organizatora zamachu na Hitlera płk. [34] Initially, he felt frustrated not to be in a position to stage a coup himself. Four children resulted from the marriage: Berthold Maria (born 3 July 1934), Heimeran (born 9 July 1936), Franz Ludwig (born 4 May 1938) and Valerie (born 15 November 1940). He sensed that this dynamic leader would be an obstacle to his own far-reaching ambitions and intrigues. Even if it fails, we must take action in Berlin", as this was the only way to prove to the world that the Hitler regime and Germany were not one and the same and that not all Germans supported the regime. Since the couple never had any serious marriage problems, it is believed Claus only wanted to provoke his mother-in-law to-be, just as he liked to provoke his superiors. When it became known that Hitler had survived, some of the conspirators lost their nerve and the plot failed. Became a member of poet Stefan George's circle of acquaintances, which was called "George-Kreis", when he was 16. Unfortunately, when General Helmuth Stieff, Chief of Operation at Army High Command, who had regular access to Hitler, backtracked from his earlier commitment to assassinate Hitler, Stauffenberg was forced to take on two critical roles: kill Hitler far from Berlin and trigger the military machine in Berlin during office hours of the very same day. [laughs]. The stone monument was placed there by the German government in 1996 to mark the exact spot where Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg placed the briefcase carrying an explosive devise meant to kill Hitler. Article 109 also stated, "Legal privileges or disadvantages based on birth or social standing are to be abolished. [12], Stauffenberg was commissioned as a leutnant (second lieutenant) in 1930. ** GRAFIN NINA STAUFFENBURG was the wife of * Colonel Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg , the leader of the failed plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler on 20 July 1944. His closest intimate, from childhood on, was his brother Berthold. He was neither. They were tracked to their Bendlerstrasse offices and overpowered after a brief shoot-out, during which Stauffenberg was wounded in the shoulder. Although Stauffenberg succeeded in placing a bomb in Hitler’s headquarters at Rastenburg (July 20, 1944), the explosion failed to kill Hitler. Von Stauffenberg planted a bomb in a conference room at Hitler's headquarters on July 20, 1944. When he turned and made his way back along the corridor, they shot at Claus, wounding him. Therefore, it was possible for Helldorf to throw everything overboard at once: Hitler, the Party, the entire system. From the beginning of September 1943 until 20 July 1944, Stauffenberg was the driving force behind the plot to assassinate Hitler and take control of Germany. Historian Peter Hoffman questions Gisevius's evaluations based on the latter's brief acquaintance with Stauffenberg, misreporting of Stauffenberg's actions, and apparent rivalry with him: Gisevius met Stauffenberg for the first time in Berlin on July 12, 1944, eight days before the colonel's last assassination attempt against Hitler. Due to the heat, … Claus Von Stauffenberg summary: Claus von Stauffenberg was an officer of the German army during World War II. After the bomb plot failed, von Stauffenberg … which states, "Was it because Hitler was losing the war? [45], Stauffenberg was third in line to be executed, with Lieutenant von Haeften after. He held the hereditary titles of "Graf" (count) and "Schenk" (cupbearer). Životopis. Tresckow began to recruit allies, eventually including Lieutenant Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg, scion of one of the oldest and most respected families in southern Germany. August Neidhardt von Gneisenau is among his maternal ancestors. Claus Philipp Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, Elisabeth Magdalena Vera Lydia Hertha "Nina" Freiin von Lerchenfeld. He openly told young conspirator Axel von dem Bussche in late 1943, "ich betreibe mit allen mir zur Verfügung stehenden Mitteln den Hochverrat..." ("I am committing high treason with all means at my disposal...."). In his book he mocked Stauffenberg as a presumptuous and ignorant amateur. Stauffenberg vacillated between a strong dislike of Hitler's policies and a respect for what he perceived to be Hitler's military acumen. He took part in the attack on Poland, the German invasion of the Soviet Union and the Tunisian Campaign during the Second World War. Stauffenberg declined at the time, reasoning that all German soldiers had pledged allegiance not to the institution of the presidency of the German Reich, but to the person of Adolf Hitler, due to the Führereid introduced in 1934. He would quote George's The Anti-Christ when recruiting friends and trusted colleagues into the conspiracy. Finished school with Grade B in French, History, Geography and Mathematics, Grade C in Essay Writing, Literature, Philosophy, Greek and Natural History and Grade D in Latin. [21], Stauffenberg's unit was reorganized into the 6th Panzer Division, and he served as an officer on its General Staff in the Battle of France, for which he was awarded the Iron Cross First Class. Tresckow did not return to Germany, as he committed suicide at Królowy Most, Poland in 1944, after learning of the plot's failure. Oberkommando des Heeres ("Army High Command"; OKH) directed operations on the Eastern Front. Along with Henning von Tresckow and Hans Oster, he was one of the central figures of the German Resistance movement within the Wehrmacht. Unfortunately, he was wrong--the body was obviously not that of Hitler, who had survived with only minor injuries because the wooden support of the desk absorbed most of the blast from the bomb. The young officer also became more and more successful in his career, and at his various promotions was often the youngest of his rank, due mainly to his variety of skills and outstanding organizational abilities. He studied in Dillingen an der Donau until 1675. Four people died in … Was fluent in Russian, French and English and semi-fluent in Greek and Latin. Stauffenberg became even more disassociated with the party after The Night of the Long Knives and Kristallnacht proved Hitler had no intentions to pursue justice. For his involvement in the movement, he was executed by firing squad shortly after Operation Valkyrie. In 1943, Stauffenberg was promoted to Oberstleutnant i.G. Canaris was the son of a wealthy industrialist. Unfortunately, in his youth he suffered from poor health, and it was likely that this contributed to his lack of ambition, which in turn contributed to his "average" grades in school while his healthier older brothers managed to be straight-A students. "), in reference to Stefan George and the anti-Nazi circle. ... Stauffenberg seemed to regard him merely as an incidental source of background information. However, in late 1943, he had written out demands with which he felt the Allies had to comply in order for Germany to agree to an immediate peace. My injuries have at least one advantage - finally I don't have to hide my fear of wasps anymore. Later in life he also refused to take morphine after he was wounded, to avoid addiction. Stauffenberg entered the briefing room carrying a briefcase containing two small bombs. 2,000 Germans were executed as a result of his failed conspiracy of July 20th 1944. Evans writes, "Had Stauffenberg's bomb succeeded in killing Hitler, it is unlikely that the military coup planned to follow it would have moved the leading conspirators smoothly into power". Learned to speak English to native level within two years. Hitler was appointed Chancellor the same year Claus married his wife, Nina. Konstanze von Schulthess is the youngest daughter of Nina Schenk Gräfin von Stauffenberg, the wife of Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, the man who attempted to assassinate Hitler. Stauffenberg, like most other German professional military officers, had absolutely no doubt that the war was lost. [4], The titles "Graf" and "Gräfin" define count and countess, respectively. Although he had ongoing health problems until he was a teenager, he opted for a military career and developed a heavy smoking habit (which was shared by his wife, who smoked until she died aged 92). He was one of the foremost figures in the failed 20 July plot of 1944 to assassinate Adolf Hitler and overthrow the Nazi Party. 15 March 1905). Unlike his fellow trainees, however, Claus was interested neither in philandering nor carousing--he preferred to study Russian parallel to his training. [39] Other demands included keeping such territorial gains as Austria and the Sudetenland within the Reich, giving autonomy to Alsace-Lorraine, and even expansion of the current wartime borders of Germany in the south by annexing Tyrol as far as Bozen and Meran. She recalled her husband something of a “devil’s advocate” who was neither a staunch Nazi supporter nor a conservative. "[6], In his youth, he and his brothers were members of the Neupfadfinder, a German Scout association and part of the German Youth movement. [37], Kuhn became a prisoner of war of the Soviets after the 20 July plot. These demands included Germany retaining its 1914 eastern borders, including the Polish territories of Wielkopolska and Poznań. Claus von Stauffenberg was a member of the Stefan George circle from the age of 17 until the death of the poet when Claus was 27. His wife, nicknamed "Nina", was born 8/27/1913, which made her nearly six years younger than her husband, in Lithuania (back then Russia) to a German-speaking family. Stauffenberg had married Nina Baroness (Freiherrin) von Lerchenfeld on 1933-11-26 in Bamberg. His parents, Alfred Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg and Caroline Gräfin von Üxküll-Gyllenband, already had given birth to another set of twins, Alexander and Berthold (b. Nina and Claus von Stauffenberg were favored by fortune. When they demanded clarification, Olbricht faltered. His regiment became part of the German 1st Light Division under General Erich Hoepner, who had taken part in the plans for the September 1938 German Resistance coup, cut short by Hitler's unexpected diplomatic success in the Munich Agreement. The other two had been attracted primarily by a political ideology. Although one of the best trainees of his age group, Claus was not popular with his superiors because of minor rule-breaking. His mother was an Austrian-born countess form Eastern Prussia. He was quite the workaholic, although a contributing factor may have been his suffering from sleeping disorders. He studied modern weapons at the Kriegsakademie in Berlin-Moabit, but remained focused on the use of horses—which continued to carry out a large part of transportation duties throughout World War II—in modern warfare. [38], On D-Day, 6 June 1944, the Allies had landed in France. "[25], In November 1942, the Allies landed in French North Africa, and the 10th Panzer Division occupied Vichy France (Case Anton) before being transferred to fight in the Tunisia Campaign, as part of the Afrika Korps. A guard knocked and opened the door, urging him to hurry as the meeting was about to begin. During a dancing lesson he met the mother of his future wife Nina, who raved about him to her daughter when she came home from boarding school. In the final months of his coup preparation, Claus was often heard to quote George’s poem ‘The Antichrist’ – which eerily prefigures Hitler. Official Sites, Wavy chestnut hair, very light skin and piercing blue eyes, One of the leading figures of the 7/20/1944 plot by German army officers to assassinate. [5], On 11 November 1919, a new constitutional law, as part of the Weimar Republic, abolished the privileges of nobility. [32] He jokingly remarked to friends never to have really known what to do with so many fingers when he still had all of them. His closest friend was his brother Berthold. Claus von Stauffenberg is in my lists of noble men because he gave everything to stop injustice. Claus developed passions for literature, music, arts and horseback riding at a very early age and kept them all his life. His military record was impeccable. Berthold had actually taken part in the conspiracy, and he and hundreds of prisoners were sentenced to death by hanging. Berthold, Heimeran, Franz-Ludwig and Valerie, who were not told of their father's deed,[63] were placed in a foster home for the remainder of the war and were forced to use new surnames, as Stauffenberg became considered taboo.[64]. During a dancing lesson he met the mother of his future wife Nina, who raved about him to her daughter when she came home from boarding school. Some minutes later, he excused himself and left the room. Claus von Stauffenberg. He was a "Graf" i.e. Admired poet Stefan George and often quoted him. Alfred Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (* 27. In 1926, he joined the family's traditional regiment, the Bamberger Reiter- und Kavallerieregiment 17 (17th Cavalry Regiment) in Bamberg. The Torfels near Meßstetten Bueloch had been visited many times. December 31, 2020 at 11:30 AM. [27] During the fighting, Stauffenberg drove up to be with the leading tanks and troops of the 10th Panzer Division. He also attended the poet's funeral in Locarno in 1926. Pregnant Nina von Stauffenberg, who barely had known anything about the plot, was taken into clan liability and gave birth to daughter Konstanze on 27 January 1945, in a Nazi maternity clinic. The location had unexpectedly been changed from the subterranean Führerbunker to Albert Speer's wooden hut due to the heat on this summer's day. Claus is described as having been a rather withdrawn child, although far from being shy. Who resisted the Third Reich and why did they do it? Four people died in … As a result, Stauffenberg was able to arm only one of the bombs. Berthold was one of eight conspirators executed by slow strangulation in Plötzensee Prison, Berlin, later that day. For his involvement in the movement, he was executed by firing squad shortly after Operation Valkyrie. For his injuries, Stauffenberg was awarded the Wound Badge in Gold on 14 April and for his courage the German Cross in Gold on 8 May. It seems like everything that could have gone wrong for von Stauffenberg did that July day. ("Long live the secret Germany! Trained as a cavalryman, he was still able to break horses when, after his serious injuries, only three of his fingers remained. Was seriously wounded while stationed in Tunisia (April 1943), He lost his whole right hand, his left eye and two fingers of his left hand. +3. Claus von Stauffenberg Biografický portál Claus Philipp Maria Justinian Schenk gróf von Stauffenberg (* 15. november 1907 , Jettingen , Nemecko – † 21. júl 1944 , Berlín ) bol nemecký dôstojník generálneho štábu, organizátor neúspešného atentátu na Hitlera . Stauffenberg had von dem Bussche transmit these written orders personally to Major Kuhn once he had arrived at Wolfsschanze (Wolf's Lair) near Rastenburg, East Prussia. A Grand Tattoo for him was held on 11/15/ 2007,ll which would have been his 100th birthday, in his birthplace. The Ersatzheer had a unique opportunity to launch a coup, as one of its functions was to have Operation Valkyrie in place. [44], When the explosion tore through the hut, Stauffenberg was convinced that no one in the room could have survived. In 1943, Henning von Tresckow was deployed on the Eastern Front, giving Stauffenberg control of the resistance. He joined the navy in 1905 at the age of 17. This fact was purposely left out in the movie. In his youth, he belonged to Stefan George's circle and remained a disciple of the great poet for the rest of his life. Can you help? He was made a canon of Konstanz Cathedral in 1667. Many more died in the fight to take Berlin in a war that lasted nine more months. The war, and his injuries, had changed him from a strong supporter of Hitler's regime into a fervent opponent of it, and he became one of the most important conspirators in a plan by senior army officers to overthrow Hitler. Was once responsible for the training of future Olympic Games horseback riders. He and his future wife got engaged on his 23rd birthday. Wilhelm Franz Canaris was born on 1 January 1887. Noble titles form part of the name only; noble titles may not be granted any more. by Joachim Kramarz, Bonn 1967' by : F. L. Carsten, Martyn Housden,"Resistance and Conformity in the Third Reich";Routledge 1997;page 109–110. Von Stauffenberg photo and image search. July 20, 1944, found the Stauffenberg family gathered, as they had so many summers before, at their rambling country house in the village of Lautlingen, in the rolling Swabian Alps of southern Germany. [60], In 1980, the German government established a memorial for the failed anti-Nazi resistance movement in a part of the Bendlerblock, the remainder of which currently houses the Berlin offices of the German Ministry of Defense (whose main offices remain in Bonn). Claus Philipp Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (German: [klaʊ̯s ʃɛŋk ɡʁaːf fɔn ˈʃtaʊ̯fn̩.bɛʁk] (listen); 15 November 1907 – 20 July 1944)[1] was a German army officer best known for his failed attempt on 20 July 1944 to assassinate Adolf Hitler at the Wolf's Lair and remove the Nazi Party from power. The secret grave of would-be Hitler assassin Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg may have been discovered on the 66th anniversary of the failed plot. This court was established by Hitler for political offences. Jednak gdy Hitler objął stanowisko kanclerza, zareagował entuzjastycznie. Was known to be very humorous and joked after only three of his fingers remained he never knew what to do with that many fingers anyway. Claus Philipp Maria Justinian Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (15. marraskuuta 1907 – 21. heinäkuuta 1944) oli saksalainen Wehrmachtin upseeri ja aristokraatti.Yleisesikuntaeversti von Stauffenberg toteutti 20. heinäkuuta 1944 epäonnistuneen pommiattentaatin Adolf Hitleriä vastaan. [45], In an attempt to save his own life, co-conspirator General Friedrich Fromm, Commander-in-Chief of the Replacement Army present in the Bendlerblock (Headquarters of the Army), charged other conspirators in an impromptu court martial and condemned the ringleaders of the conspiracy to death. Claus Philipp Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (pol. One year later he was transferred for additional training to Dresden's cavalry school. After his return to Berlin, Stauffenberg immediately began to motivate his friends to initiate the second phase: the military coup against the Nazi leaders. The unit was among the Wehrmacht troops that moved into Sudetenland following its annexation to the Reich as per the Munich Agreement.[13]. Claus hrabia Schenk von Stauffenberg) (ur. One of the few surviving members of the German resistance, Hans Bernd Gisevius portrays Colonel Stauffenberg, whom he met in July 1944, as a man driven by reasons which had little to do with Christian ideals or repugnance of Nazi ideology. Das Leben eines Offiziers. Claus von Stauffenberg, German army officer who, as the chief conspirator of the July Plot, carried out an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler. He further writes, "If then, as Evans notes with initial objectivity, Stauffenberg had a strong moral imperative – whether this stemmed from an aristocratic code of honour, Catholic doctrine or Romantic poetry – then this also underpinned his initial affinity for National Socialism which Stauffenberg misinterpreted as 'spiritual renewal'". Franz-Ludwig became a member of both the German and European parliaments, representing the Christian Social Union in Bavaria. Her husband, Col. Claus Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg, led the failed attempt to kill Hitler on July 20, 1944, when a bomb was placed under a conference table. Who had direct access to Hitler 's desk, but was interrupted and was buried on. Bambergu zorganizowali marsz z pochodniami World war II Explore Pat Oldcrofty TommysGirl 's ``. 20 plot has failed ] they have all left me high and dry originally wanted get... `` Valkyrie '' which is about the plot, whom he had earlier... 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